Publications (1997–Present)

For an alternate listing of publications, visit Tao Xu's Google Scholar H-Index.

Papers Published After Joining NIU in August 2006

• Tao, F.; Wang, J.; Xu, J.; Chen, G.; Xiao, X.; Li, M.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, X.; Liu, Y.; Wostoupal, O. S.; Yang, Z.; Shi, B.; Fry, C.; Pearson, J. E.; Li, H.; Zheng, C.; Liu. C.; Liu, D.-J.; Xu, T.; Spin Polarization Enhanced Ethanol Selectivity in Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction on the Paramagnetic CuO Surface, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2026, 148, (19), 20150–20160.
• Faghani, M.; Janusz, I.; Mueller, R.; Xiao, X.; Xu, T.; Tatara, R. A.; Vaez, M. "Manufacturing-Ready Hemp-Fiber Reinforced Composites: Extrusion Compounding, Pelletization, and Injection-Molding Outcomes". Journal of Polymer Engineering, 46(8): 631–645, 2026.
• Zhu, Q.; Xu, J.; Liu, C.; Jiang, W.; Wang, J.; Yang, Z.; Yang, J.; Son, S.-B.; Liu, Q.; Xu, T.; and Z. Zhang, Z.; "Solvation Guided Inhibition of Manganese Dissolution of Lithium- and Manganese- Rich Cathode via Cyclic Carbonate Molecular Engineering". Journal of Power Sources. 2026, 689, 240769.
• Zhu, Q.; Xu, J.; Liu, C.; Jiang, W.; Yang, J.; Yang, Z.; Chen, X.; Son, S.-B.; Koirala, K. P.; Wang, C.; Wostoupal, O.; Liu, Q.; Xu, T.; Zhang, Z. Weakly Solvating Electrolyte to Enable Lithium- and Manganese-Rich Cathode-Based Li-Ion Batteries, ACS Energy Lett. 2025, 10, 5022–5031
• Owen S. Wostoupal, O. S.; Wang, X.; Liu, Q.; Xu, T.; Zhang, Z. Electrolyte Compatible Separator Materials for Sodium-Ion Battery, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2025, 172 (6), 060515.
• Li, Z.; Gong, J.; Zhu, Z.;… Xu, T. et al. Retention of high-pressure solution-processable metastable phase to ambience via differential sublattice rigidity for broadband photodetectors. Nature Communications, 2025, 16, 2246.
• Xiao, X., Latt, K.Z., Gong, J., Kim, T., Connell, J. G., Liu, Y., Fry, H. C., Pearson, J. E., Wostoupal, O. S., Li, M., Soldan, C., Yang, Z., Schaller, R. D., Diroll, B. T., Hla, S. W., & Xu, T. Light-induced Kondo-like exciton-spin interaction in neodymium(II) doped hybrid perovskite. Nature Communication, 2024, 15, 6084. Highlighted by Argonne National Laboratory and NIU.
• Xu, H.; Wang, J.; He, H.; Hwang, I.; Liu, Y.; Sun, C.; Zhang, H.; Li, T.; Muntean, J. V. Muntean, Xu, T.; Liu, D.-J. Modulating CO₂ electrocatalytic conversion to organics pathway by the catalytic site dimension, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 10357–10366. This work is highlighted by NIU News and many other news reports.
• Owen S. Wostoupal, O. S.; Meyer, J.; Griffith, J.; Rasamani, K. D.; Frank, C. E.; Shevchenko, E.; Lin, X.-M.; Arigong, B.; Xu, T.; Li, J. Advanced VO2/Polymer Nanocomposite Smart Window Films Using VO2 Nanoparticles from High-Throughput Flow Synthesis, ACS Appl. Opt. Mater. 2024 , 2, 2, 262–275 .
• Xu, J.; Patel, P.; Liu, D.-J.; Xu, T.; Liu, C. Understanding the dynamic evolution of atomically dispersed Cu catalyst for CO2 electrochemical conversion using integrated XANES analysis and mechanistic studies, Journal of Catalysis , 2023, 425, 296-305.
• Li, M. Park, S. Y.; Wang, J.; Zheng, D.; Wostoupal, O. S.; Xiao, X.; Yang, Z.; Li, X.; Diroll, B. T.; Marks, T. J.; Zhu, K.; Xu, T. Nickel-Doped Graphite and Fusible Alloy Bilayer Back Electrode for Vacuum-Free Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Energy Letters, 2023 , 8, 2940-2945. Highlighted by Chemical and Engineering News (the weekly news magazine of American Chemical Society), National Renewable Energy Lab, Solar Quarter, Today’s Headline, TechExplore, Mercom, Perovskite-info
• Tong, J.; Li, X.; Wang, J.; He, H.; Xu, T.; Zhu, K. Bioinspired stability enhancement in deuterium-substituted organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Nexus, 2023 , 2(5), pgad160.
• Dahunsi, O. J.; Li, B.; Gao, S.; Lu, K.; Xia, F.; Xu, T.; Cheng, Y. One-Step Synthesis of Na–Sn Alloy with Internal 3D Na15Sn4 Support for Fast and Stable Na Metal Batteries, ACS Appl. Energy Mater . 2022, 5, 20–26.
• Li, X.; Zhang, F.; Wang, J.; Tong, J.; Xu, T.; Zhu, K.; On-device lead-absorbing tapes for sustainable perovskite solar cells, Nature Sustainability , 2021, 4, 1038–1041. Highlighted by NIU, NREL, PV-Magazine, World Industrial Reporter, Perovskite Info., Solar Press
• Gao, S.; Li, B.; Lu, K.; Alabidun, S.; Xia, F.; Nickel, C.; Xu, T.; Cheng, Y.; Modulating MnO2 Interface with Flexible and Self-Adhering Alkylphosphonic Layers for High-Performance Zn-MnO2 Batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 23724–23731.
• Gong, J.; Li, X.; Guo, P.; Marks, T. J.; Schaller, R. D.; Xu, T.; Suppressed Oxidation and Photodarkening of Hybrid Tin Iodide Perovskite Achieved with Reductive Organic Small Molecule, ACS Appl. Energy Mater . 2021, 4, 4704–4710.
• Xu, H.; Rebollar, D.; He, H.; Chong, L.; Liu, Y.; Liu, C.; Sun, C.-J.; Li, T.; Muntean, J. V.; Winans, R. E.; Liu, D.-J.; Xu, T.; Highly selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol by metallic clusters dynamically formed from atomically-dispersed copper, Nature Energy , 2020, 5, 623-632. Highlighted by Argonne News, Advanced Photon Source, NIU News, Science Daily, University of Chicago, Popular Mechanics, Earth.com, News Break.
• Duvvuru (a1), M. K.; Wu, L.; Lin, N. S.; Xu, T.; Vahabzadeh S.; Surface treatment of titanium by anodization and iron deposition: mechanical and biological properties, J. Mater. Res.2020 , 35, 1290-1297
• Sarnello, E.; Liu, Y.; Palen, B.; Sun, E.; Zuo, X.; Xu, T.; Tao Li. T. Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-active GFP-P4VP Core-Shell Nanoparticles. Catalysts, 2020 , 10, 627.
• Lu, K.; Xu, H.; He, H.; Gao, S.; Li, X.; Zheng, C. Xu, T.; Cheng, Y.; Modulating reactivity and stability of metallic lithium via atomic doping, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020 , 8, 10363-10369.
• Guo, P.; Xia, Y.; Gong, J.; Cao, D. H.; Li, X.; Li, X.,; Zhang, Q.; Stoumpos, C. C.; Kirschner, M. S.; Wen, H.; Prakapenka, V. B.; Ketterson, J. B.; Martinson, A. B. F.; Xu, T.; Kanatzidis, M. G.; Chan, M. K. Y.; Schaller, R. D.; Direct Observation of Bandgap Oscillations Induced by Optical Phonons in Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020 , 30, 1907982.
• Li, X.; Zhang, F.; He, H.; Berry, J. J.; Zhu, K.; Xu, T. On-device lead sequestration for perovskite solar cells, Nature, 2020 , 578, 555–558. Highlighted by NSF, Scientific American, ScienceDaily, Yahoo Finance, PV Magazine and our collaborators at NREL
• Perugupalli, D. H.; Xu, T.; Cho, K. T. Activation of Carbon Porous Paper for Alkaline Alcoholic Fuel Cells, Energies 2019 , 12, 3207.
• Gong, J.; Li, X.; Guo, P.; Zhang, I.; Huang, W.; Lu, K.; Cheng, Y.; Schaller, R.D.; Marks, T.J.; Xu, T. Energy-distinguishable bipolar UV photoelectron injection from LiCl-promoted FAPbCL3 perovskite nanorods, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019 , 7, 13043-13049. Highlighted as back cover page article.
• Guo, P.; Mannodi-Kanakkithodi, A.; Gong, J.; Xia, Y.; Stoumpos, C.C.; Cao, D.; Diroll, B.T.; Ketterson, J.B.; Wiederrecht, G.P.; Xu, T.; Chan, M.K.Y.; Kanatzidis, M.G.; Schaller, R.D.; Infrared-pump electronic-probe of methylammonium lead iodide reveals electronically decoupled organic and inorganic sublattices, Nature Communications, 2019 , 10, 482.
• Sheng, X.; Xu, T.; Feng, X.; Rational Design of Photoelectrodes with Rapid Charge Transport for Photoelectrochemical Applications, Advanced Materials, 2019 , 31, 1805132.
• Liu, J.; Yin, J.; Feng, B.; Xu, T.; Wang, F.; Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity and Stability toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction with Unprotected Pt Nanoclusters, Nanomaterials, 2018 , 8, 955.
• Guo, P.; Huang, W.; Stoumpos, C. C.; Mao, L.; Gong, J.; Zeng, L.; Diroll, B. T.; Xia, Y.; Ma, X.; Gosztola, D. J.; Xu, T.; Ketterson, J. B.; Bedzyk, M. J.; Facchetti, A.; Marks, T. J.; Kanatzidis, M. G.; Schaller, R. D. Hyperbolic dispersion arising from anisotropic excitons in two‐dimensional perovskites. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2018 , 121, 127401.
• Liu, G.; Gong, J.; Kong, L.; Schaller, R. D.; Hu, Q.; Liu, Z.; Yan, S.; Yang, W.; Stoumpos, C. C.; Kanatzidis, M. G.; Mao, H.‐k.; Xu, T. Isothermal Pressure‐led Metastable States in 2D Hybrid Perovskites and Enduring Bandgap Narrowing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018 , 115, 8076-8081.
• Gong, J.; Yang, M.; Rebollar, D.; Rucinski, J.; Liveris, Z.; Zhu, K.; Xu, T. Divalent Anionic Doping in Perovskite Solar Cells for Enhanced Chemical Stability. Adv. Mater., 2018 , 30, 1800973.
• Guo, P.; Gong, J.; Sadasivam, S.; Xia, Y.; Song, T.‐B.; Diroll, B. T.; Stoumpos, C. C.; Ketterson, J. B.; Kanatzidis, M. G.; Chan, M. K. Y.; Darancet, P.; Xu, T.; Schaller, R. D. Slow thermal equilibration in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites revealed by transient mid‐infrared spectroscopy. Nature Communications, 2018 , 9, 2792.
• Zhao, H.; Li, Y.; Zhang, B.; Xu, T.; Wang, C. PtI _x/[(CH ₃) ₂NH ₂] ₃[BiI ₆] as a well‐dispersed photocatalyst for hydrogen production in hydroiodic acid. Nano Energy, 2018 , 50, 665–674.
• Gong, J.; Guo, P.; Benjamin, S. E.; Van Patten, P. G.; Schaller, R. D.; Xu, T. Cation engineering on lead iodide perovskites for stable and high‐performance photovoltaic applications. J. Energy Chem., 2018 , 27, 1017-1039.
• Li, K.; Liu, J.; Sheng, X.; Chen, L.; Xu, T.; Zhu, K.; Feng, X. 100‐Fold Enhancement of Charge Transport in Uniaxially Oriented Mesoporous Anatase TiO ₂ Films , Chemistry–A European Journal, 2018 , 24, 89.
• Chen, L.; Cui, J.; Sheng, X.; Xie, T.; Xu, T.; Feng, X., High‐Performance Photoelectronic Sensor Using Mesostructured ZnO Nanowires, ACS Sensors, 2017 , 2, 1567–1572.
• Hailili, R.; Wang, Z.‐Q.; Xu, M.; Wang, Y.; Gong, X.‐Q.; Xu, T.; Wang, C. Layered nanostructured ferroelectric perovskite Bi ₅FeTi ₃O ₁₅ for visible light photodegradation of antibiotics , J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 21275–21290.
• Guo, P.; Xia, Y.; Gong, J.; Stoumpos, C. C.; McCall, K. M.; Alexander, G. C. B.; Ma, Z.; Zhou, H.; Gosztola, D. J.; Ketterson, J. B.; Kanatzidis, M. G.; Xu, T.; Chan, M. K. Y.; Schaller, R. D. Polar Fluctuations in Metal Halide Perovskites Uncovered by Acoustic Phonon Anomalies, ACS Energy Lett., 2017 , 2, pp 2463–2469
• Deng, C.; Lau; M. L. Barkholtz; H. M.; Xu, H.; Parrish R.; Xu, M.; Xu, T.; Liu, Y.; Wang, H.; Connell, J. G.; Smitha, K. A.; Xiong, H. Amorphous boron nanorod as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries at room temperature, Nanoscale, 2017 , 9, 10757–10763.
• Smith, K. A.; Savva, A. I.; Deng, C.; Wharry, J. P.; Hwang, S.; Su, D.; Wang, Y.; Gong, J.; Xu, T.; Buttf, D. P.; Xiong, H. Effects of proton irradiation on structural and electrochemical charge storage properties of TiO ₂ nanotube electrodes for lithium‐ion batteries , J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017 , 5, 11815–11824.
• Hailili, R.; Dong, G.; Ma, Y.; Jin, S.; Wang, C.; Xu, T. Layered Perovskite Pb ₂Bi ₄Ti ₅O ₁₈ for Excellent Visible Light‐Driven Photocatalytic NO Removal , Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2017 , 56, 2908–2916.
• Liu, G.; Kong, L.; Gong, J.; Yang, W.; Mao, H.‐K.; Hu, Q.; Liu, Z.; Schaller, R. D.; Zhang, D.; Xu, T. Pressure‐Induced Bandgap Optimization in Lead‐Based Perovskites with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Ambient Retainability, Adv. Func. Mater., 2017 , 27, 1604208 (8 pages) Highlighted by Advanced Science News.
• Kong, L.; Liu, G.; Gong, J.; Hu, Q.; Schaller, R. D.; Dera, P.; Zhang, D.; Liu, Z.; Yang, W.; Zhu, K.; Tang, Y.; Wang, C.; Wei, S.‐H.; Xu, T.; Mao, H.‐K. Simultaneous band‐gap narrowing and carrier–lifetime prolongation of organic–inorganic trihalide perovskites, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2016 , 113, 8910–8915.
• Gong, J.; Yang, M.; Ma, X.; Schaller, R. D.; Liu, G.; Kong, L.; Yang, Y.; Beard, M. C.; Lesslie, M.; Dai, Y.; Huang, B.; Zhu, K.; Xu, T. Electron–Rotor Interaction in Organic–Inorganic Lead Iodide Perovskites Discovered by Isotope Effect, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2016 , 7, 2879–2887.
• Heather M. Barkholtz, H. M.; Gallagher, J. R.; Li, T.; Liu, Y.; Winans, R. E.; Miller, J. T.; Liu, D.‐J.; Xu, T. Lithium Assisted "Dissolution–Alloying" Synthesis of Nanoalloys from Individual Bulk Metals, Chem. Mater., 2016 , 28, 2267–2277.
• Xin, X.; Xu, T.; Wang, L.; Chuanyi Wang, C.; Ti ³⁺‐self doped brookite TiO ₂ single‐crystalline nanosheets with high solar absorption and excellent photocatalytic CO ₂ reduction , Scientific Report, 2016 , 6, Article number: 23684
• Jiang, Q.; Xu, T. Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Materials for "Nova Star" Solar Cells: State of Technology and Outstanding Challenges, Comments on Inorganic Chemistry, 2016 , 36, 200–214.
• Jiang, Q.; Yeh, Y.‐P.; Lu, N.; Kuo, H.‐W.;Lesslie, M.; Xu, T. The influence of fluoroalkyl chains in redox electrolytes for energy conversion, Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2016 , 8, 013701
• Sheng, X.; Chen, L.; Xu, T.; Zhu, K.; Feng, X., Understanding and removing surface states limiting charge transport in TiO ₂ nanowire arrays for enhanced optoelectronic device performance , Chemical Science, 2016 , 7, 1910–1913.
• Gang Liu, G.; Lingping Kong, L.; Yan, J.; Liu, Z.; Zhang, H.; Liu, P.; Xu, T.; Mao, H.‐K.; Chen, B.; Nanocrystals in Compression: Unexpected Structural Phase Transition and Amorphization due to Surface Impurities, Nanoscale, 2016 , 8, 11803–11809.
• Barkholtz, H. M.; Chong, L.; Kaiser, Z. B.; Xu, T.; Liu, D. J. Highly Active Non‐PGM Catalysts Prepared from Metal Organic Frameworks, Catalysis, 2015 , 5, 955–965.
• Xie, Y.; Shao, F.; Wang, Y.; Xu, T.; Wang, D.; Huang, F. Enhanced Performance of Perovskite CH ₃NH ₃PbI ₃ Solar Cell by Using CH ₃NH ₃I as Additive in Sequential Deposition , ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 2015 , 7, 12937–12942.
• Jiang, Q.; Rebollar, D.; Gong, J.; Piacentino, E. L.; Zheng, C.; Xu, T. Pseudohalide‐Induced Moisture Tolerance in Perovskite CH ₃NH ₃Pb(SCN) ₂I Thin Films . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2015 , 54, 7617–7620. Highlighted as Very Important Paper (VIP) by editor.
• Xin, X.; Xu, T.; Yin, J.; Wang, L.; Wang, C. Management on location and concentration of Ti ³⁺ in anatase TiO ₂ for defects‐induced visible‐light photocatalysis , Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2015 , 176–177, 354–362.
• Yang, H.; Shen, H.; Xu, T.; Karamanis, D. Progress in Photovoltaic Devices and Systems, International Journal of Photoenergy, 2015 , Article ID 926063.
• Agusdinata, D.B.; Amouie, M.; Xu, T. Diffusion dynamics and concentration of toxic materials from quantum dots‐based nanotechnologies: an agent‐based modeling simulation framework, J. Nanoparticle Research, 2015 , 17:26.
• Liu, X.; Zhao, W.; Cui, H.; Xie, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xu, T.; Huang, F. Organic–inorganic Halide Perovskite Based Solar Cells — Revolutionary Progress in Photovoltaics, Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2015 , 2, 315–335.
• Jiang, Q.; Xia, S.; Shi, B.; Feng, X.; Xu, T. Nickel‐Cathoded Perovskite Solar Cells, J. Phys. Chem. C., 2014 , 118, 25878–25883.
• Jiang, Q.; Sheng X.; Li, Y.; Feng, X.; Xu, T. Rutile TiO ₂ Nanowires Perovskite Solar Cells , Chem. Commun., 2014 , 50, 14720–14723. Highlighted as Inside Front Cover Page.
• Zu, B.; Lu, B.; Yang, Z.; Guo, Y.; Dou, X.; Xu, T. Gas Adsorption Thermodynamics Deduced from the Electrical Responses in Gas‐Gated Field‐Effect Nanosensors, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2014 , 118, 14703–14710.
• Liu, F.; Zhu, K.; Li, T.; Xu, T.* Drift Transport in Al ₂O ₃‐sheathed 3‐D Transparent Conducting Oxide Photoanodes Observed in Liquid Electrolyte‐based Dye‐sensitized Solar Cells . J. Phys. Chem. C, 2014 , 118, 9951–9957.
• He, H.; Jiao, Y.; Li, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Qiu, H.; Xu, J.; Xu, T.; Wang, C. Size controllable synthesis of single‐crystal ferroelectric Bi ₄Ti ₃O ₁₂ nanosheet dominated with {0 0 1} facets toward enhanced visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activities . Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2014 , 156–157, 35–43.
• Zu, B.; Lu, B.; Guo, Y.; Xu, T.; Dou, X. Simple Metal/SiO ₂/Si Planar Photodetector Utilizing Leakage Current Flows through SiO ₂ Layer , J. Mater. Chem. C., 2014 , 2, 2045–2050.
• Zhao, D.; Shui, J.‐L.; Grabstanowicz, L. R.; Chen, C.; Commet, S. M.; Xu, T.; Lu, J.; Liu, D. J. Highly Efficient Non‐Precious Metal Electrocatalysts Prepared from One‐Pot Synthesized Seolitic Imidazolate Frameworks, Adv. Mater., 2014 , 26, 1093–1097.
• Yang, Z.; Guo, L.; Zu, B.; Guo, Y.; Xu, T.; Dou, X. CdS/ZnO Core/Shell Nanowire‐Built Films for Enhanced Photodetecting and Optoelectronic Gas‐Sensing Applications, Advanced Optical Materials, 2014 , 2, 738–745.
• Jiang, Q.; Liu, F.‐Q.; Li, T.; Xu, T.* Fast and Low Voltage‐driven Solid‐state Electrochromics Using 3‐D Conductive FTO Nanobeads Electrodes, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2014 , 2, 618–621.
• Yang, C.; Wang, Z.; Lin, T.; Yin, H.; Lü, X.; Wan,D.; Xu, T.; Zheng, C.; Lin, J.; Huang, F.; Xie, X.; Jiang, M. Core‐Shell Nanostructured "Black" Rutile Titania as Excellent Catalyst for Hydrogen Production Enhanced by Sulfur Doping, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013 , 135, 17831–17838.
• Yin. H.; Lin, T.; Yang, C.; Wang, Z.; Zhu, G.; Xu, T.; Xie, X.; Huang, F.; Jiang, M.; Gray TiO ₂ Nanowires Synthesized by Aluminum‐Mediated Reduction and Their Excellent Photocatalytic Activity for Water Cleaning , Chem. Eur. J., 2013 , 19, 13313–13316.
• Liu, X.; Xu, H.; Grabstanowicz, L.R.; Gao, S.; Lou, Z., Wang, W.; Huang, B.; Dai, Y.; Xu, T.*, Ti ³⁺ Self‐doped TiO _2‐x Anatase Nanoparticles via Oxidation of TiH ₂ in H ₂O ₂ , Catalyst Today, 2014 , 225, 80–89.
• Yuan, S.; Shui, J.‐L.; Grabstanowicz, L.; Chen, C.; Commet, S.; Reprogle, B.; Xu, T.; Yu, L.; Liu, D.‐J. A Highly Active and Support‐Free Oxygen Reduction Catalyst Prepared from Ultrahigh‐Surface‐Area Porours Polyporphyrin, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2013 , 52, 8349–8353.
• Gao, S.; Liu, X.; Xu, T.; Ma, X.; Shen, Z.; Wu, A.; Zhu, Y.; Hosmane, N.S. Synthesis and Characterizastion of Fe ¹⁰BO ₃/Fe ₃O ₄/SiO ₂ and GdFeO ₃/Fe ₃O ₄/SiO ₂: Nanocomposites of Biofunctional Materials , ChemistryOpen, 2013 , 00, 1–5.
• Liu, F.; Wu, H.; Li, T.; Grabstanowicz, L.; Amine, K.; Xu, T.* Three‐Dimensional Conducting Oxides Nanoarchitectures: Morphology‐Controllable Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications in Lithium‐Ion Batteries, Nanoscale, 2013 , 5, 6422–6429.
• Grabstanowicz, L.R.; Gao, S.; Li, T.; Rickard, R.M.; Rajh, T.; Liu, D.‐J.; Xu, T.* Facile Oxidative Conversion of TiH ₂ to High Concentration Ti ³⁺‐Self‐Doped Rutile TiO ₂ with Visible‐Light Photoactivity , Inorg. Chem., 2013 , 52, 3884–3890.
• Zhang, J.; Liu, X.; Gao, S.; Huang, B.; Dai, Y.; Xu, Y.; Grabstanowicz, L.R.; Xu, T. From AgI/TiO ₂ to Ag/TiO ₂: effects of the annealing temperature on the compositions, porous nanostructures, and visible‐light photocatalytic properties , Ceramics International, 2013 , 39, 1011–1019.
• Lin, C.‐K.; Lin, Y.‐G.; Wu, T.; Barkholtz, H. M.; Lin, Q.; Wei, H.; Brewe, D. L.; Miller, J. T.; Liu, D.‐J.; Ren, Y.; Ito, Y.; Xu, T.* Direct Synthesis of Bimetallic Pd ₃Ag Nanoalloys from Bulk Pd ₃Ag Alloy , Inorg. Chem., 2012 , 51, 13281–13288.
• Yang, Z.; Gao, S.; Li, T.; Liu, F.; Ren, Y.; Xu, T.* Enhanced Electron Extraction from Template‐Free 3‐D Nanoparticulate Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) Electrodes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells, ACS Appl. Mater. & Interfaces, 2012 , 4, 4419–4427.
• Lin, C.‐K.; Zhao, D.; Gao, W.‐Y.; Yang, Z.; Ye, J.; Xu, T.; Ge, Q.; Ma, S.; Liu, D.‐J. Tunability of Band Gaps in Metal‐Organic Frameworks, Inorg. Chem., 2012 , 51, 9039–9044.
• Zeng, X. Q.; Wang, Y. L.; Xiao, Z. L.; Latimer, M. L.; Xu, T.; Kwok, W. K. Hydrogen responses of ultrathin Pd films and nanowire networks with a Ti buffer layer, J. Mater. Sci., 2012 , 47, 6647–6651.
• Luo, Q.; Zeng, X. Q.; Miszczak, M. E.; Xiao, Z. L.; Pearson, L.; Xu, T.; Kwok, W. K. Phase slippage driven dissipation and high field Little‐Parks effect in superconducting, Phys. Rev. B , 2012, 85, 174513.
• Zhang, J.; Grabstanowicz, L. R.; Gao, S.;* Hosmane, N. S.; Huang, B.; Dai, Y.; Liu, D.‐J., Xu, T.* Visible‐Light Photocatalytic SiO ₂/TiO _2‐xC _x/C Nanoporous Composites Using TiCl ₄ as Precursor for TiO ₂ and Polyhydroxyl Tannin as Carbon Source , Catalysis Science & Technology, 2012 , 2, 390–399.
• Yang, Z.; Powers, K. C.; Liu, D.‐J.; Ren, Y.; Xu, T.* Solid Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Prepared through a Counter Strategy for Filling of Solid Hole Transporter. J. Renewable Sustainable Energy, 2011 , 3, 063101.
• Zeng, X.‐Q.; Wang,Y.‐L.; Deng, H.; Latimer, M. L.; Xiao, Z.‐L., Pearson, J.; Xu, T.; Wang, H.‐H.; Ulrich Welp; Crabtree, G. W.; Kwok, W. K. Networks of Ultrasmall Pd/Cr Nanowires as High Performance Hydrogen Sensors. ACS Nano, 2011 , 5, 7443–7452.
• Chakrabarti, A.; Lu, J.; Skrabutenas, J. C.; Xu, T.*; Xiao, Z.*; Maguire, J. A.; Hosmane, N. S.* Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Few‐layer Graphene. J. Mater. Chem., 2011 , 21, 9491–9493.
• Yang, Z.; Gao, S.; Li, W.; Vlasko‐Vlasov, V.; Welp, U.; K. W. Wai; Xu, T.* Three‐Dimensional Photonic Crystal Fluorinated Tin Oxide (FTO) Electrodes: Synthesis, Optic and Electrical Properties. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2011 , 3, 1101–1108.
• Zeng, X. Q.; Latimer, M. L.; Xiao, Z. L.; Panuganti, S.; Welp, U.; Kwok, W. K.; Xu, T. Hydrogen Gas Sensing with Networks of Ultrasmall Palladium Nanowires Formed on Filtration Membranes. Nano Letters, 2011 , 11, 262–268.
• Yang, Z.; Xu, T.*; Gao, S.; Welp, U.; Kwok, K. W. Enhanced Electron Collection in TiO ₂ Nanoparticle‐Based Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells by An Array of Metal Micropillars on A Planar FTO Anode . J . Phys. Chem. C , 2010, 114, 19151–19156.
• Xu, P.; Xu, T.*; Lu, J.; Gao, S.*; Hosmane, N.; Huang, B.; Dai, Y. Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic S‐ and C‐ Codoped Meso/Nanoporous TiO ₂ . Energy & Enviromental Science, 2010 , 3, 1128–1134.
• Xu, P.; Lu, J.; Xu, T.*; Gao, S.*; Huang, B.; Dai, Y. I ₂‐Hydrosol‐Seeded Growth of (I ₂) _n ‐C‐Codoped Meso/Nanoporous TiO ₂ for Visible Light‐Driven Photocatalysis . J. Phys. Chem. C., 2010 , 114, 9510–9517.
• Chakrabarti A.; Xu, T.* Paulson L. K.; Krise, K. J.; Maguire, J. A.; Hosmane, N. S. Synthesis of Boron Nanorods by Smelting Non‐toxic Boron Oxide in Liquid Lithium. J. Nanomaterials, 2010 , Vol. 2010, Article ID 589372.
• Xu, T.*; Lin, C.; Wang, C.; Brewe, D.; Ito, Y.; Lu, J. Synthesis of Supported Platinum Nanoparticles from Li‐Pt Solid Solution. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010 , 132, 2151–2153.
• Yang, Z.; Xu, T.*; Yasuo, I.; Welp, U.; Kwok, W. K. Enhanced Electron Transport in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using Short ZnO Nanotips on A Rough Metal Anode. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009 , 113, 20521–20526.
• Lin, C.; Xu, T.;* Yu, J.; Ge, Q.; Xiao, Z. Hydrogen Spillover Enhanced Hydriding Kinetics of Palladium‐Doped Lithium Nitride to Lithium Imide. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009 , 113, 8513–8517.
• Lin, C.; Yang, Z. and Xu, T.* and Zhao, Y. An in situ electric study on primary hydrogen spillover from nanocatalysts to amorphous carbon support. Applied Physics Letters, 2008 , 93, 233110.
• Xu T.* Nanogravimetric Evaluation of Hydrogen Uptake in Thin Film Materials by A Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 2008 , 1098E, HH03.
• Kulchytskyy, I.; Kocanda, M. G. and Xu, T*. Direct mass determination of hydrogen uptake using a quartz crystal microbalance. Applied Physics Letters, 2007 , 91, 113507.
• Patel, U.; Xiao, Z. L.; Hua, J.; Xu, T.; Rosenmann, D.; Novosad, V.; Pearson, J.; Welp, U.; Kwok, W. K.; Crabtree, G. W. Origin of the matching effect in a superconducting film with a hole array. Physics Review B, 2007 , 76, 020508.

Papers Published Before Joining NIU in August 2006

• Xu, T*.; Zach, M. P.; Xiao, Z. L.; Rosenmann, D.; Welp, U.; Kwok, W. K.; Crabtree, G. W. Self‐assembled monolayer enhanced hydrogen sensing with ultra‐thin palladium films. Applied Physics Letters, 2005 , 86, 203104.
• Xu, T.; Metzger R. M. Nanoditches Fabricated using a Carbon Nanotube as a Contact Mask. Nano Letters, 2002 , 2, 1061–1064.
• Xu, T.; Morris, T.; Szulczewski, G.; Amaresh, R.; Gao, Y.; Street, S. C.; Kispert L.; Metzger, R. M. A Spectroscopic Study of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide as a Monolayer and in Bulk. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2002 , 106, 10374–10381.
• Xu, T.; Zangari, G.; Metzger, R. M. Periodic Holes with 10 nm Diameter Produced by Grazing Ar+ Milling of the Barrier Layer in Hexagonally Ordered Nanoporous Alumina. Nano Letters, 2002 , 2, 37–41.
• Xu, T.; Morris, T.; Szulczewski, G. J.; Metzger, R. M.; Current‐Voltage Characteristics of an LB Monolayer of di‐Decylammonium Tricyanoquinodimethanide Measured between Macroscopic Gold Electrodes. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2002 , 12, 3167–3171.
• Gao, Y.; Konovalova, T.; Xu, T.; Kispert, L. Electron Transfer of Carotenoides imbedded in MCM‐41 and Ti‐MCM‐41: EPR, ENDOR and UV/Vis studies. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2002 , 106, 10808–10815.
• Xu, T.; Peterson, I. R.; Lakshmikantham, M.; Metzger, R. M. Rectification by a monolayer of Hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide between gold electrodes. Angewandte. Chemie International Edition, 2001 , 40, 1749–1752.
• Metzger, R. M.; Xu, T.; Peterson, I. R. Electrical Rectification by A Monolayer of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide Measured between Macroscopic Gold Electrodes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2001 , 105, 7280–7290.
• Metzger, R. M.; Konovalov, V.; Sun, M.; Xu, T.; Zangari, G.; Xu, B.; Benakli M.; Doyle, W. D. Magnetic Nanowires in Hexagonally Ordered Pores of Alumina. IEEE Transactions on Magnetism, 2000 , 36(Part I), 30–35.
• Xu, T.; Metzger, R. M. Light‐Induced Enhancement of Rectification by Monolayer of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide between Al Electrodes. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 2000 , 620, JJ10.8.
• J. Su, Xu, T.; Chen K.; Tian, H. Excited State Properties of bis‐1,8‐Naphthalimides. Dyes and Pigments, 2000 , 44, 87–92.
• Tian, H.; Xu, T.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, K. Two‐Path Photo‐Induced Electron Transfer in Naphthalimide‐Based Model Compound. Journal of Chemical Society, Perkin Transaction 2, 1999 , 545–549.
• Xu, T.; Su, J.; Chen K.; Tian, H. Synthesis of bis‐ and tris‐ 1,8‐naphthalimides bridged by N‐N bond. Heterocyclic Communications, 1999 , 5, 31–36.
• Su, J.; Xu, T.; Chen, K.; Tian, H. Electroluminescence properties of twisted dyad 1,8‐naphthalic anhydride derivatives. Synthetic Metals, 1997 , 91, 249–251.

Patents

• Xu, T. "Highly Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using Microtextured Electron Collecting Anode and Nanoporous and Interdigitated Hole Collecting Cathode and Method for Making Same", U.S Patent # US‐2011‐0232759‐A1, published on 09‐29‐2011.
• Xu, T.; Zach, M. P.; Xiao, Z. L. Ultrafast and ultrasensitive hydrogen sensors based on self‐assembly monolayer promoted 2‐dimensional palladium nanoclusters. U.S patent 7171841 issued on Feb. 6, 2007, licensed to Makel Engineering, Inc. (Chico, CA).

Book Chapters

• Jue Gong and Tao Xu: Chapter 4. Perovskite Materials in Biomedical Applications,
  In the book of Revolution of Perovskite Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Edited by Arul, Narayanasamy Sabari, Nithya, V.D. ISBN: 978-981-15-1266-7
• Guilian Zhu, Tao Xu, Fuqiang Huang, "The Black and White Issue of Nanotitania" Chapter 5, page 77–117, Feb. 2017, in the book of "Black TiO ₂ Nanomaterials for Energy Applications" Edited by: Xiaobo Chen (University of Missouri–Kansas City, USA), Yi Cui (Stanford), World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, ISBN: 978‑1‑78634‑165‑5.
• Tao Xu, " Electrodes for Enhanced Electron Transport in Dye‑Sensitized Solar Cells", Chapter 7, page 271‑298, "Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy through Nanotechnology", Ed. Z. Ling, Springer. ISBN: 978‑0‑85729‑637‑5.